Cultural Diversity In Tourism And Hospitality Business †Free Samples

Question: Talk about the Cultural Diversity In Tourism And Hospitality Business. Answer: Assorted variety is the accessibility of different sorts of individuals originating from various foundation and societies and remaining in a solitary spot. Social decent variety is one of the types of assorted variety that is fundamental and critical for the travel industry and accommodation industry. A culture has a blend of larger part and minorities remaining in a solitary spot (Ang Van Dyne, 2015). Their reasoning and method of living is not quite the same as one another. There are likewise some essential measures of a culture set in their general public, which everybody needs to follow. These essential measures are as a rule on variables, for example, separation between individuals, eye to eye connection, language, dressing design and their different standards and ceremonies. Not many of these societies and too firm to even think about adjusting, while there are others that modify as per the requirements of the general public. The assorted varieties in culture are expanding step by step because of the expansion in globalization. Social decent variety likewise causes a spot to stand apart from others dependent on nourishments and dressing. The created nations have a more westernize type of dressing and eat for the most part quick nourishments and advantageous food sources. Then again, the less evolved nations follow conventional societies all the more unequivocally and rely upon customary nourishments more often than not. The liberal idea of certain nations encourages untouchables to acknowledge with the way of life of those social orders (Du Cros McKercher, 2014). The travel industry and accommodation business makes some long memories profits by social decent variety. Globalization is the most concerning and significant subject which is developing step by step in the economy. With the approach of globalization, social assorted variety is additionally expanding at a quicker rate. Social decent variety as expressed is the distinctions in position, race, language, moral contemplations. In any case, social assorted variety likewise implies contrasts in human conduct and culture remaining in various districts. The travel industry working all around has an exceptionally pivotal assignment of dealing with the social assorted variety of different spots. Be that as it may, fusing society contact of all the way of life is a difficult undertaking for these ventures, as they have to work without harming the way of life f any single spot (Singal, 2014). Having a correct comprehension about the requirements of different culture help the travel industry and accommodation organizations to invite their visitors productively and furnish them with the most ideal assistance. This is on the grounds that staffs should be all around familiar with the way of life of the visitors that they meet during their look seasons. It encourages them to offer and converse with these visitors as indicated by their way of life biasness. In this manner, administration and staffing turns out to be simple in an organization that follows culture assorted variety in their place. For this, they can likewise prepare their staffs with the custom, language and desires for visitors that they for the most part experience with in their business (Telfer Sharpley, 2015). Then again, culture decent variety in the cordiality business likewise causes the staffs to stay away from any sort of missteps that could hurt them in future. The visitors go to a lodging or get connected to a travel industry organization for their visit just on the off chance that they get great treatment and a feeling of touch of their own way of life. Therefore, having a socially differing staff causes them to keep a decent contact between the clients and the representatives. Particularly for the travel industry, knowing about the language of the sightseers they get, help them to associate with them effectively and clarify viably about different spots they visit. Then again, in the neighborliness business the staffs will have the option to offer the food that individuals from specific culture would adore. For a travel industry, giving greatest fulfillment to the visitors is their definitive point (Canavan, 2016). The travel industry can possibly profit in the event that it can grows its business all inclusive and turn into a global association. This must be conceivable if the organization receives culture assorted variety in their business by underwriting the workers different abilities and preparing. This additionally encourages the Company to get upper hand over other the travel industry and neighborliness substances. Association having a solid social various staffs additionally permits them to hold their clients for a more extended time contrasted with the organization that doesn't have a social adaptable condition. High client maintenance is the essential rationale of the administration staffs as it influences their presentation. Therefore assorted variety in culture will assist them with achieving their objectives. In this way it tends to be seen that because of expanding globalization, social decent variety assists the travel industry and friendliness business with getting development in their inward condition and extraordinary responsiveness from the purchasers as they get unattractive inclination from these organizations (Richards, 2014). As it tends to be seen from the above depiction that social assorted variety causes the organization to profit in an extraordinary manner both n present moment and in long haul. It is significant that organizations habitation by the principles and custom of different societies so as to extend their travel industry business successfully. The travel industry Company not having socially various condition in their working environment and its administration staff of their organization then it will hamper them generally in the coming future (Mok, Sparks Kadampully, 2013). It is clear that the opposition is expanding step by step in this industry. There are numerous travel industry organizations coming up universally which targets offering the best quality administrations to the clients. Hence if a travel industry or accommodation organization neglects to join social assorted variety in their staffs then they will be abandoned in this serious condition. Next, an organization lingering behind a socially prepared staff in their administration division then they will in general lose their client base to the next very much prepared organizations. This is on the grounds that voyagers pay to these businesses just for good assistance in both the travel industry and friendliness. Hus in the event that the need behind in giving satisfactory administrations, at that point they will lose their confided in clients. The travel industry in expanding and every one of them offers same kind of administrations. Consequently, clients have the choices to move their interest from one the travel industry organization to others only for getting an incentive for their cash. The travel industry and neighborliness organizations put a ton in ads and promoting their name in teh media. They likewise put on foundation in lodgings and voyages. In this manner, after every single such cost on the off chance that they lose their visitors due to absence of social holding, at that point they should bear a great deal of cost. This will cut their business down and acquire a great deal of misfortune. Further, they will be not able to hold their staffs also as a result of lack of ability of paying them pay rates. This will separate the business, as they will be not able to manage the expense (Rahmat Shah, Mousavi Noory, Akbari, 2017). Lacking social decent variety in a travel industry business likewise makes the organization a monoculture type association that is resolute to any changes. They will simply tail one kind of culture and anticipate that the clients should follow their customs. This makes a negative picture on the clients about that brand. In this way, the brand estimation of the organization diminishes radically because of absence of social quality and achievement. The organization will likewise come up short on the best approach to taking a gander at the need of the clients from different viewpoint and understand complex assignment without any problem. This is on the grounds that staffs from different societies have distinctive arrangement of psyche that will assist with understanding the requirements of the clients originating from a specific foundation (Shim Santos, 2016). An association can possibly succeed on the off chance that they follow the need of the clients and enhance social assorted variety. Clients are the most significant riches and resource of ten organizations. In any case, to procure this benefit, an organization needs to plan approaches to build up the advantages they as of now have in their association and that are their staffs. The capacity to plan the staffs and the administration of the association will assist the organization with acquiring seriousness and accomplishment in this field. In this way, the organization needs to follow different projects to get social decent variety in their organization. The organization can take up preparing exercises for their staffs, which can be founded on various culture. The preparation must be given on the food propensities, likings and convention of different societies so the staffs become familiar with the necessities and prerequisite that different visitors will request or anticipate from them. The organization can recruit experts who have obtained detail information about societies and request that they direct the staffs (Madera, 2013). Next, the organization can make an activity by recruiting staffs from different societies that they need to serve in future. Staffs originating from various culture will be progressively helpful for the organization as they won't require any further preparing. Be that as it may, the association should move to spots to enlist socially assorted staffs for the business (Moran, Abramson Moran, 2014). Finally, the association can design different subjects for their vacationers and mastermind it is a type of a capacity or exercises for the voyagers where they can feel comfortable. These exercises must incorporate dresses and food of different societies from where the visitors are coming. This will give a sentiment of touch to the clients and they will like to take accommodation administration from that organization just (Liu, 2014). In this way, having society assorted variety in the work environment is the most ideal way a travel industry organization can draw in clients and make due in this serious condition. References Ang, S., Van Dyne, L. (2015).Handbook of social knowledge. Routledge. Canavan, B. (2016). The travel industry culture: Nexus, qualities, setting and maintainability. The travel industry Management,53, 229-243. Du Cros, H., McKercher, B. (2014).Cultural the travel industry. Routledge. Liu, Y. D. (2014). Social occasions and social the travel industry improvement: Lessons from the European Capitals of Culture.European Planning Studies,22(3), 498-514. Madera, J. M. (2013). Best practices indiversity the executives in client se

National culture and commitment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

National culture and responsibility - Essay Example The social element of independence versus cooperation will be examined in detail and the suggestions for the association will be introduced. At last, the Saudi culture will be portrayed, with specific consideration being paid to the Islamic and Bedouin customs supporting Saudi culture, and their effect on authoritative administration. Over many years of insightful investigations, the subject of national culture has stayed a much preferred point, with differing sees on national culture being proposed. The expansion in diverse collaborations, realized by globalization, has additionally added to the requirement for more profound comprehension of the hypothetical foundation and ideas of national culture and its impact on representative and authoritative conduct (Kalliny, Cruthirds, and Minor, 2006; Klein, Waxin, and Radnell, 2009). The qualities of various societies have been concentrated by various researchers, and different elements of national societies have been utilized to quantify and characterize different societies (Hofstede, 1998; House et. al, 2004; Mallehi 2007; Pothukitchi et.al, 2002; Schein, 1998; Tayeb, 2005; Trompenaars and Hamden-Turner, 2000). The establishment for culture is the common arrangement of qualities and aggregate convictions which thusly shape conduct (Morgan, 1986). Research has shown that such things as psychological systems, learned social standards, shared implications and recognitions, moral codes, stories, legends, images, and ceremonies all serve to shape our feeling of culture and consequently our practices (Alvesson, 2002; Brown, 1995; Kreitner and Kinicki, 1998). On account of this common establishment, individuals of a similar national culture are probably going to act likewise and to have comparable perspectives and discernments (Hofstede, 2001). As per Francesco and Gold (1998), culture is the â€Å"most valuable device in distinguishing and clarifying contrasts in how individuals behave†. Culture isn't static, but instead is continually changing and developing.

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Playing out a SWOT examination procedure would be extremely gainful now and will fill in as the pattern to expound on a vital arrangement for the association. CG advisors have been observing CanGo’s forms for at some point, and we have built up the accompanying starter SWOT examination: Strength: ?Purchasing a robotized stockpiling and recovery framework (ASRS) would assist with improving the distribution center, by buying a mechanized stockpiling and recovery framework it is an incredible answer for CanGo’s taking care of stock in a progressively successful and proficient way. ?CanGo has had gigantic development over the recent years. CanGo has likewise been perceived for as one of the quickest developing independent company in the Hudson Valley. CanGo is ceaselessly hoping to wander out into different zones, in an exertion of improving the general association. Shortcomings: ?One of the greatest issues is the way that CanGo doesn't have a Vision and Mission Statement. Without a dream and strategic association doesn't have an away from of the association. ?CanGo is additionally missing a Strategic arrangement, without a vital arrangement there is no guide for development and thriving. Vital arranging will assist you with anticipating and respond rapidly to advertise changes and openings. CanGo should direct these key plans routinely, by doing so it encourages you to see openings prior and set up emergency courses of action so dangers are limited. ?Absence of a framework examination and developer is additionally a soft spot for CanGo, when all is said in done a framework expert would guarantee that the prerequisites set out by the business are caught and recorded accurately before the arrangement is created and executed. Right now this isn't going on for CanGo, so this is a zone that should be tended to, without it CanGo would not have the information on seeing how present and future business needs will affect the olutions and the execution procedure. Openings: ?Investing in an in-house database that joins into a computerized stockpiling and recovery framework ASRS. Completely computerized and incorporated capacity frameworks are a definitive in distribution center administration and effectiveness. They take into account total incorporation of the company’s ERP programming with distribution center recovery stockpiling framework. Request picking is upgraded and controlled. ?CanGo would likewise profit by refreshing their site to fortify corporate and brand personality, this would help their current interest in advertising go further. This would take into account CanGo to publicize administrations and items, construct client relations through customized administrations, they could likewise profit by leading statistical surveying through their site. The web is an extraordinary open door for your business to contend on a substantially more level playing field with a lot bigger organizations. Dangers ?CanGo faces losing business from their site to different sites because of their web search taking excessively long, where the competition’s site is enhanced and delivers the outcomes faster Recommendations Issue 1: Marketing to the correct clients and shoppers is imperative to each business. An organization has to realize how to market to a specific objective to draw in their clients so they can sell their products and make a benefit from their stock. CanGo manufactured their prosperity onluck and they never tried to dive into the subtleties of how their organization got effective. They are missing significant and imperative data to stay with their fruitful. Since there is no advertising division in CanGo, I would recommend for them to employ an outside organization to direct their showcasing research; I accept that they would profit by this. The upper administration of CanGo should investigate the organization that would best fit the activity; maybe picking an organization that spends significant time in a similar industry as CanGo. There are numerous focal points to employing an outside think-tank; they would have the option to figure out who the objective clients are, the place these clients are found, how to arrive at the objective clients and precisely what kind of item or administrations they are searching for. When the promoting research organization decides these issues, CanGo would be increasingly powerful in advertising their item. Issue 2: The way that nobody is following where the work is and who should be chipping away at what can prompt numerous issues. A few representatives might be accomplishing more work than others since they are proficient and everything appears to arrive around their work area while others might be accepting credit for work they are not doing. In the video we saw that Nick was entrusted out with making a procedure stream diagram, however he gave it to another person, and that somebody pass it down to two additional individuals. I have confidence in reasonable and equivalent work between colleagues so they should separate the work before starting any assignment. There is nothing amiss with helping your colleagues however not accomplish the work for them. Passing work like that can likewise prompt it getting lost. They should utilize a stream diagram to follow where the work is. A Gantt graph or a report stream diagram appear to be an ideal fit for this event. The record stream graph will follow the procedure stream diagram report through the framework to stay away from it getting lost. Losing data can likewise prompt the loss of mystery or individual data. It tends to be exorbitant and tedious to re-try all the work that was lost. Nobody needs to re-try what the individual in question previously did. Issue 3: CanGo has been encountering issues where clients are perusing the site and even determination things to buy and setting them in their registration truck; anyway the clients are leaving the site without making their buys. Apparently the clients are encountering issues with respect to making buys from the site. CG specialists have various proposals to upgrade the shop understanding on CanGo’s site. One reason might be because of trust. With web association, individuals need moment satisfaction. On the off chance that your deal procedure isn't sans bother, numerous clients will go somewhere else. So as to keep clients returning and to making buys, CanGo needs to ensure that it is anything but difficult to explore all through the site, for example, ensuring that when a client click on a thing it stacks up in an opportune manner, time tallies, when shopping on sites. Different things that could improve the site are having a perfect and expert structure; your landing page hugy affects guests. I would likewise incorporate a pursuit box that is easy to understand, along these lines clients can find things that they are keen on rapidly. Online client assistance is another element that would improve business, if clients needed to talk about checkout issues, this could forestall truck deserting. Not exclusively can live help assist clients with making sense of your site, find items or pose inquiries, live talk can be responsive, where the framework triggers a visit greeting dependent on client conduct. To wrap things up there ought to be connections to interpersonal organizations, for example, (Facebook, Twitter, and so forth , these functionalities would improve the clients visit to your site all the more welcoming and pleasurable. Issue 4: At CanGo, there is an expansion in client objections and returns, and before they acquire another ASRS framework and go through more cash, they have to address the client issues heretofore. On the off chance that clients are not happy with CanGo items or the manner in which they are taking care of the requesting procedure, at that point grumbling is a decent route for CanGo to acknowledge they are accomplishing something incorrectly, so they can fix it. So as to keep steadfast CanGo clients just as addition more, the organization needs to address where the clients grumblings are originating from. This could be from the site not being easy to use or the client isn't getting enough criticism and proceeding with the buy. On the off chance that the client goes through with the buy, at that point CanGo is by all accounts getting more returns of the product purchased through the site. What CanGo needs to do is to begin toward the starting to take a gander at the organization through the eyes of the client, and they have to make sense of the most ideal approach to have the client feel extraordinary and great about their buys from stage one of the purchasing procedure to the last buying phase of the procedure. Issue 5: Website improvement is critical to online organizations, when a client causes a pursuit on the site they to would prefer not to need to stand by extensive stretches for the outcomes. To improve the issue with the long pursuit times they have to advance their site and use site pressure, this will permit the site to run a lot quicker and produce the speedier outcomes that the clients are needing. Issue 6: To tackle is issue with where the representatives that are pickers will go once the ASRS framework is actualized is straightforward, they can take a gander at regions that have execution and potentially quality issues and they can put these workers there rather than ending them. By setting these representatives in these â€Å"problem† regions, this can expand the profitability of these zones expanding more work process. Reference Monique. (2012, January 23). [Web log message]. Recovered from http://upandrunning. bplans. com/2012/01/23/the-advantage of-statistical surveying/Best practices for accelerating your site. (n. d. ). Recovered from http://designer. hurray. com/execution/rules. html CanGo Video Week 34. (2012, November 11). Recovered from DeVry University: www. devryu. net Harris, D. (n. d. ). Kinds of Flow Charts. Recovered November 20, 2012, from eHow: www. ehow. com/about_5061018_types-flowcharts. html CanGo Videos Weeks 34. 2012, November 19). Recovered from DeVry University: www. devryu. net Center for streamlined Strategic Planning. (2011, November). Streamlined key arranging. Recovered November 2012, from The most ideal approaches to remunerate workers: www. cssp. com/http:;www. business person. com/article/753340 CanGo Videos Weeks 34. (2012, November 19). Recovered from DeVry University: www. devryu. net Top 10 Things Customers Expect fro

Fiction Essay Samples - Why Do I Always Choose These?

Fiction Essay Samples - Why Do I Always Choose These?There are many different genres that one can choose to write in their novel, or perhaps just about any other written piece, but in most cases the best option would be to read fiction essay samples. The reason for this is because it will give you an idea of what it means to write a book or essay.This type of writing requires one to think about a story from beginning to end, from plot and characters to ending and even how it will be presented. Because the book is full of interesting facts and back story, the writer is going to have to create another narrative that is compelling. A good example of this is The Departed.A great deal of research went into the creation of The Departed. The movie was directed by Martin Scorsese, and it was written by Nic Pizzolatto, so this means that this is an authentic work. That being said, one must understand how to present a story to make it interesting and intriguing, and the best way to do this is through a great story that has been written, and not simply being a product of the author's imagination.One great example of this is Gone Girl. The plot of this book is intriguing, and the author really knows how to present this story in a way that is captivating.For example, instead of a regular story with chapters, this story has eight pages, each one being the same length as the one before it. Also, instead of writing a long paragraph of words, they're separated with a very short paragraph, and then the information is introduced to make it a little easier for the reader to understand what is going on.In terms of the topics covered in these fiction essay samples, there are many different genres that can be found, but the most popular being the thriller, mystery, political, and also romance. These are usually presented in shorter pieces and are a great way to get ideas to keep coming up.Some great examples of fiction essay samples include all three of them, thriller, mystery, and r omance. This shows that the topic can be much more complex, with all of the different facets that are needed to create a fantastic and captivating story.

Critical evaluation of ROCE as a performance metric on Culharb plc - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2640 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Cause and effect essay Did you like this example? Return on capital employed (ROCE) is a measure of performance where it shows the return on every penny invested by an organisation. It is the ratio between the wealth generated to the wealth invested. The simplest way of calculating it is taking the ratio percentage of operating profit before tax and interest against the capital employed i.e. ROCE = Operating profit before tax and interest/ Capital employed*100 Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Critical evaluation of ROCE as a performance metric on Culharb plc" essay for you Create order Given that short-term profit is not being generated at the expenses of long term, this ratio should be as high as possible. To achieve higher ROCE either the profits have to be kept high through higher volume of sales or the capital invested has to be kept low by efficient usage of capital. A higher return on capital employed value indicates higher performance. It is arguable that performance is about realigning managerial calculations towards those of the investor around higher returns on capital. ROCE though is a good way of measuring organisational performance, has few drawbacks. It can be observed from the given case that Culharb plc., is a multi-divisional organisation with each division having its own investment responsibility. One particular problem is that ROCE may understate capital employed. Research and development, trademarks, brand, etc. are not considered in spite of the fact that they still represent the capital employed. However the advantages of not considering these intangible assets are that, it helps in keeping ROCE consistent by measuring only operating efficiency and also this does not change operating efficiency of a business being acquired (In case of an acquisition of a smaller brand by a bigger one, it does not impact the performance rating of either of them). Secondly ROCE does not consider depreciation to which it is very sensitive. If one division is writing off assets at a relatively faster rate than the other, then its ROCE will be affected. Also if a division is using an asset which has been largely written off, both its current depreciation charge and its investment base will be low. As a consequence its ROCE will be high in relation to newer divisions as in case of Visicon division and other divisions together. If there are some costs which are utilised over a period of time like equipment cost, it is not considered to be a year on year investment but as a onetime initial investment. Thus the year on year capital employed decreases if other costs are kept the same. And if we assume that the profits are also constant over years, ROCE decreases though the management has done nothing towards driving the financial value of the firm. In this case there are proposed projects wherein the divisions will be trading with one another (Pumps and Visicon trading the automation technology). When this happens, the cost at which goods are procured or traded by the respective divisions will certainly affect their divisional performance. Another fact which should be considered here is that ROCE reduces if the cash reserves are high i.e., money generated (through equity or debt) is not invested but kept as reserve. Finally the condition under which the divisions operate plays a major role in their performance. But unfortunately the conditional factors are not considered while calculating ROCE. If one division operates in a market where the conditions are favourable in terms of high rates of return, while the other suffers excessive competition, the differences may cause one to look bad and the other good. This is a percentage measure and managers may try to manage the ratio by reducing the level of investment rather than increasing profits. For example, a profit of pound;10 over zero investment gives a performance level which is infinite. It is also more difficult to allow for the relative risks associated with the different divisions within the group when percentage returns are being compared. Considering all the above discussed factors it is not preferable using ROCE as a measure to assess divisional performance in Culharb plc. In order to use this concept at the divisional level, the division must exercise control not only over sales revenue and relevant associated costs but also over the level of investment made in this area of business. It is therefore much suited for self contained independent units within a large group of business. And in the given case Culharb plc the divisions though enjoy a significant amount of autonomy, they are not totally independent and the control is over access to funding. The group wishes to allocate funds to those divisions which will generate the best risk adjusted return over time. Residual Income as an indicator of divisional performance Residual Income (RI) is nothing but the operating profits that an organisation is able to generate above some minimum return value (preset rate) on its capital employed or assets. And it is calculated using the below mentioned formula: RI = Net Operating Income (Minimum Rate of Return on Investment x Operating Assets) where Net Operating Income is operating profit, Minimum Rate of Return on Investment is an organisation preset rate, which is the expected rate of return from the investment (Capital Employed) being made. Operating assets is the capital employed. When RI is used to evaluate divisional performance, the objective is to maximize the total amount of residual income, not to maximize the overall return on investment percentage figure. RI is preferred sometimes as a measure of performance because it encourages accepting investment opportunities that have rates of return greater than the charge for invested capital. Using RI, the organisation levies a charge in terms of interest on any funds utilised by the division. The level of interest applied depends on the risk associated with the division and investment; however it reduces the net profit of a division compared to its investment. Hence the remaining profit which is the residual income is the net contribution of the division towards the wealth of the organisation. The advantages of using residual income in assessing the performance of a division in Culharb plc., would be the fact that it considers the opportunity cost of tying up assets in the division. Secondly the rate of return could be modified according to the risk undertaken by the division. Next advantage is that various assets might be required to earn different returns depending on their risk. Finally the effect of maximizing income rather than a percentage leads to achievement of organisational goal. Considering the proposal from pumps division, the capital employed is zero as the division is not investing anything, but shelving a product to earn income. Applying ROCE here yields an infinite value which indicates an excellent performance rate for the division. Whereas this might be unfair when compared to the performance of forging division which could be performing equally well had it had to shun a product and generate income by selling the assets associated with the product (ROCE becomes infinite due to zero investment). Instead they are investing in a new project whose future returns looks promising enough. Thus, it is vitally important to use RI as a performance measure, where the parent organisation sets the benchmark to be achieved by both the divisions and then compares the value to evaluate their performance. Thus it would not be appropriate to set the same target RI for the segments that have different asset value. RI tends to increase over life of an asset. That is as the value of asset depreciates, the finance charge decreases. However, as long as a new investment generates profit at a rate above the companys cost of capital it will increase the total ri of the division. RI may vary from year to year or company to company. Balanced Scorecard approach at divisional level The balanced scorecard (BSC) is a strategic planning and performance management tool that is used extensively in the business industries worldwide to align their business activities to the vision and mission of the organization, improve internal and external communications, and monitor organizational performance against strategic goals. It is a concept for measuring the smaller-scale operational activities of a company and comparing it with the larger-scale objectives in terms of vision and strategy of the organization. BSC was designed to help organisations measure performance considering not only the financial and accounting ratios but also other aspects of performance evaluation. BSC has four perspectives, namely Learning and Growth Perspective Can we continue to improve and add value Internal Business Processes Perspective What must we achieve The Customer Perspective How do customers see us Financial Perspective What do shareholders feel about our value improvement Each of these perspectives is linked to one another. Achievement of one leads to the other. For an organisation to grow financially in the eyes of shareholders it has to satisfy its customers and keep them happy. This can be accomplished through defining a target to be achieved or competencies that the organisation needs to excel in. And this motivation comes from answering the question if the organisation is capable of continuing to learn and innovate, thus adding value to the organisation. Taking into consideration these perspectives as a whole ensures that the managerial decisions made are fair enough because it gives a balanced view of the organisations performance and not just the financial performance. Secondly it helps in differentiating and setting short and long term goals when you know what you want to achieve (customer and shareholder perspective) and how to get there (business and learning perspective). The divisions just need to focus on things to be done in order to sta y competitive in the market. This would be certainly a very good measure of performance as it would consider various aspects of performance measurement, especially in case of Culharb plc., which has different divisions whose operating market conditions as well as requirements are different. Visicon division is relatively new to the market when compared to the other divisions and is yet to establish itself as a major player. And assessing its performance based on financial measurement alone is unfair. The reason being the fact ,that it has made huge investments in RD and also have requested funds for training recruitment process, which tends to yield benefits in the future and not the present. So it will be appropriate if we could measure its performance based on other criterions as well i.e. the non-financial aspect. Unlike ROCE or any other financial performance metric BSC helps in measuring the performance of the divisions across various attributes and not just one. Performance of the divisions should be rega rded as a whole measure and not only. Based on the outcome of a particular divisions BSC, varying targets and strategies to accomplish the task could be set for that division. The way of defining the task and describing the strategy to achieve that could vary across divisions. Thus enabling Culharb plc., to assign different criterions to be met by each division in order to enhance their performance. These factors will largely be dependent on the organisations vision thus enabling Culharb plc., to realise its vision through improved divisional performance. Implementing BSC would result in increased financial output through greater customer satisfaction and motivated employees. Though its not a quick fix solution as it needs a considerable amount of time before it bears positive results, implementation of balanced scorecard approach as a measure of performance in Cuharb plc will be beneficial. Part B Is Economic Value Added a profit centric performance measurement tool? Economic Value Added (EVA) is a performance metric which lays emphasis on maximising shareholders wealth. One important observation to be made is that it is increasing shareholders wealth and not value. This reflects the notion that, for a business to be profitable in an economic sense, it must generate returns that exceed the required returns by the investors. EVA is the measure of the extent to which, if at all, the after tax operating profit of the business for a period, exceeds the required minimum profit, which in turn is based on the shareholders minimum required rate of return on their investment multiplied by the amount of that investment. Hence EVA is calculated using the below mentioned formula: As per the formula what could be understood is that in order to achieve higher EVA either NOPAT has to be increased or R reduced else efficiency of C needs to be increased. NOPAT can be enhanced by registering more profit through sales, R can be reduced by decreasing shareholders expected rate of interest maybe by raising funds through debt and efficiency in C can be obtained by smart investments in high yielding assets rather than low yielding ones. Initially a target can be set for EVA for a business as a whole or for individual units. These values can then be compared with the actual values or returns generated after the completion of the planning period. What EVA says is that to assess it with greater accuracy and detail some adjustments is necessary which otherwise would result in inconsistent measurement data. This is done due to the problems and limitations of conventional accounting measures. The amount of capital used is also subject to various adjustments including capitalising R D and operating leases. However these adjustments are matter of judgements. It all depends on the perception of the person who is evaluating the factors and variables for adjustments. A variable which might be important from one evaluators point of view might not be as significant for others. Right from the beginning what can be observed is that EVA is shareholder centric and gives negligible relevance to stakeholders. To drive the performance of any organisation using EVA would mean creating more wealth. This hardly emphasises on other value drivers such as stakeholder benefits which can be observed from the EVA formula where profit after tax is considered and not before tax signifying that its shareholder benefits (more wealth) which has more prominence. EVA signifies momentary swings in the capital market rather than performance. Not any other types of changes except economic changes are reflected in EVA, though the drivers might be relevant to performance. For example, a sudden downturn (eg. Credit crunch) in the market resulting in a varied product requirement might effect the sales of the company thus reducing the revenue and the overall profits generated. Though the organisation might have performed well till now, it will still result in a lower EVA value because of low operating profits and not being able to achieve the predetermined EVA target. So its until the organisation is generating more and more wealth it is creating economic value for its shareholders. In order to earn more profits the organisation might increase the capital employed, which is not an efficient way of creating wealth. Sometimes EVA might be blown out of proportion just to reflect a higher economic value whereas in reality it might be even lower than the risk free rate. Hence EVA can be considered to be a measure of monetary performance and not an overall way of assessing performance of an organisation. Bibliography Arnold ,G. (2007) Essentials of corporate financial management, Financial Times: Prentice Hall Broadbent, M. And Cullen, J. (2003) Managing Financial Resources, 3rd ed., Butterworth-Heinemann Cobbold, I. and Lawrie, G. (2002). Classification of Balanced Scorecards based on their effectiveness as strategic control or management control tools, Performance Measurement Association Davies and David B. (2005) Managing financial information, 2nd ed., Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development Gowthorpe, Catherine (2005) Business accounting and finance for non-specialists, 2nd ed., Thomson Learning. Kaplan R S and Norton D P (1996) Using the balanced scorecard as a strategic management system, Harvard Business Review Jan Feb pp75-85. McLaney, E. J. (2006) Business finance: theory and practice, 7th ed., Financial Times: Prentice Hall Ward, Keith (1996) Strategic management accounting: Using finance for strategic advantage, Kogan Page

Evangelizing With Western Christian Music - 924 Words

Evangelizing with Western Christian Music When does evangelization through Western Christian music provide the exact opposite of evangelization among indigenous cultures? Robin P. Harris, James R. Krabill, and Vida Chenoweth provide arguments based on the concept that Christian missionaries cannot fully preach the gospel through the utilization of Western Christian scriptural songs. While all three individuals provide logical arguments, I, under the acquirement of my viewpoint on the unspoken power of music on individuals, disagree with their sentiments. First, we need to clearly constitute a definition of â€Å"universal† that makes it universal among all individuals. In the context of universal music, the music should be, according to Harris, â€Å"understood in their historical and cultural contexts to be interpreted correctly† (Krabill, 6). In this way, Christian missionaries can fully understand certain cultural implications on music that can, in effect, prevent th e unwanted force of shoving the liturgy within the blaring sound of the organ, an instrument not familiar and, frankly, not preferred by indigenous societies beyond the Western groups. But what indicated that music defines a universal language initial to Harris’ viewpoint? Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, a famous writer during the early nineteenth century, created this term and clearly inspired the Western musical society to adopt the term as poetical accuracy of what music represents. To this day, ask any individual ifShow MoreRelatedEssay on Religious Justifications of Slavery in the Caribbean3525 Words   |  15 Pagesthe nineteenth century Christian churches of the Caribbean Islands created a racial distinction between humans which determined who could and who could not be granted eternal life through the Christian faith. This concept of race was based on the belief that Africans were intellectually unable to make an educated decision regarding personal religion. Planters su pported this discrimination against their workers because then they did not have to be cruel to fellow Christians. Two kinds of ChristianityRead MoreChallenges of Youths in Our Contemporary World4314 Words   |  18 Pagesvigour, good health etc. These features should be channeled towards the propagation of the gospel. Let the children come to me, do not hinder them, for such belongs the kingdom of God (Lk. 18:16). In the church, the youths have the responsibility of evangelizing. It is their duty to witness Christ to their peers and to the remotest areas where Christ has not been preached. Anthony Aja, quoting the Holy Father, Pope John Paul II wrote: â€Å"The Church needs your energies, your enthusiasm; your youthful ideasRead MoreCulture and Religion8004 Words   |  33 Pagesproduct of a meeting of faith and culture. In this sense, Christian tradition can be viewed as a complex that is made up of particular and local traditions resulting from the encounters of Christianity with wide variety of peoples, cultures, philosophies, and thought patterns. Although religion is not submerged into a culture, it is closely linked to it and cannot exist without it being expressed within a particular cultural context. Christian Faith is received, lived, expressed and transmitted onRead MoreHistory of the Philippine Educational System6007 Words   |  25 PagesSpanish Period The educational system of the Philippines during the Spanish times was formal. The Religious congregations paved the way in establishing schools from the primary level to the tertiary level of education. The schools focused on the Christian Doctrines. There was a separate school for boys and girls. The wealthy Filipinos or the Ilustrados were accommodated in the schools. Colonial education brought more non-beneficial effects to the Filipinos. Educational Decree 1863 The first

Marketing and Management for Pink Ribbon Raceday Gold Coast

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Management Red Ribbon Product. Answer: Product Core benefit Red ribbon product Benefit items always come through a code on the box matches the that product inside. Maximum of fakes don't have any code at all, so you know it's not genuine. If your producct does have a code on the box, check it matches up with the code on the products. If the products do not have a code, or their codes don't match the box, than it's fake. Have a close look at the box. Genuine items are always neat and well made. Fakes often come in shoddy, poorly made boxes. Look for exposed cardboard, gaps, poorly glued edges and mirrors that don't quite fit. If your item comes with a leaflet, read it thoroughly. A lot of fakes come with poorly printed, misspelt leaflets. Fake Realness sets often come with a leaflet saying RealMess of Concealness. Also, a lot of the time, what is written doesn't even make sense, because of poor translation! The fakes are usually made in China. If the product has a spelling error anywhere on it, leaflet OR box, it's not to be trusted. Define the products Clinique: face cleanser is a product of red ribbon. Clean starts here. Regardless of whether you're beginning off your morning with a new composition or removing your cosmetics toward the day's end, a facial chemical is an absolute necessity in any healthy skin regimen. Look at our wide determination cleaning equations from creams to froths and past for one that works for your skin sort and concerns Le petit masque: The pink Le Petit Masque fits smaller faces perfectly and can even do one more terrific thing help fight womens cancers. Darphin: Darphin moisturizers progressively strength and reeducate the skin, creating skin visibly more beautiful day by day. Awareness for Breast Cancer, pink ribbon approved many of fantastic beauty products for hair,makeup, skin, and many are launched to support and help investigation for deadly cancer Product Name Product Quantity Price of Products Face cleansers(Clinique) 100ml 9.45 face mask(le petit masque) 300ml $37.68 Moisturizers(Darphin,) 50ml $22.37 face brush(smash box) $20.00 lip gloss/plumper(bobby brown) 0.6ml $65.00 gel cushion(Olivia) $9.99 compact mirror(Fighter) $3.99 pink nail polish(Gelish) 0.9ml $18.96 Price The best pricing division for Pamper boxis the items associated to the division of client. The urban client is not equally regard perceptive as was represented few time lately. For best items, the clients are complex to dole available best expenses. A comparable number of Pamper boxitems have a position through the high particular thing gathering, the association predictable to continue a first rate assessing the course of action for individuals items. There are also sub category such as combo pack, and also offer such as silver plans for buying a combination of three products. The organization has reserved up its respect included valuing procedures for every one of its items. A part or tool of the products under Pamper boxhave items that deliberate the professional class zone of the whole inhabitants and the assessing plan for these items is workable consequently that the clients can do deprived of rather a bit of an extended bear the price of them (Bhasin, 2016). From time to time, to enter another range of the marketplace, the organization has obtainable plans and discounts, particularly on introductory items. This stimulates the prompts minimization and expenses an improvement in measures to figure achieving more wages. Through a specific true impartial to incursion a sensible congruity among costs and items, the association has identify how to extend its units of Stock retaining, as it will support in making a modified over the evaluating approaches. Evaluation and control The evaluation undertaking of amarketing arrangement thinks on breaking down subjective and quantitative capacities related through the methodology and usage. Measureable measurements are individuals to that numbers can be connected, for instance, the measures of proposals clients and lead developed to, and dollar calculations accomplished. Particular components include consumer measures loyalty. Measuring the promoting preparation implies enchanting a look at the looking and information at anyway of if the organization proficient its process destinations from the execution stage. If it did, the means could be repeated for upcoming achievement. If not, alterations can be complete to enhance results and execution (Grunert, 2017). Fundamental Controls are for the evaluation step. Controls built up among the manufacture of the promoting arrangement give standards to evaluating how the planning satisfied its goals. Controls look like objectives; they provide the organization few thing go for however authorizing the procedure. Controls may include measures, for example, the advertising expenses piece and plans of the pie. Profits, sales, strategic considerations and efficiency used for comparing and measuring consequences, four tools or types of control related to marketing. All type or tool of control, the equal process is applied, like measuring real performance, setting values, comparing real performance through values and taking helpful, active activities, if required. The four tools or types of control of marketing are control of annual strategy, productivity control, control of efficiency, and strategy control. Annul strategies are set for several activities. Every strategy includes setting objects, assigning resources, essential time limit, and rules formulating, procedures and policies. Annual strategy control relays to sales. Annually the definite consequences are compared and measured through standards to evaluator whether annual strategies are being achie ved. Contingent upon the level of contrast between the arranged and the real outcomes, causes are recognized, and appropriate remedial activities are embraced (Jaideep, 2017). Along these lines, it contains checking progressing execution against yearly arrangement and making a restorative move. The financial control comprises of assessing deals and deals to cost proportions in connection to the general monetary structure. It implies net benefits, net deals, resources, and costs are considered to discover rate return on aggregate resources and rate of profit for total assets. Efficiency control, mainly, concerns through measuring expenses efficiency. While effectiveness control discloses the relative dissimilar entities like channels, products, territories, etc. revenues a company is income, efficiency control displays the improving efficiency ways of several entities of marketing like distribution, sales promotion, advertising, sales force and so forth. The base of practising contro l over advertising exercises is the profitability. Certain profitability and costs related benchmarks are contrasted and set through real profitability come about through discovering how far organisation is accomplishing profits. Profitability control calls for measuring the profitability of different items, client gatherings channels, arrange an estimate, domains. It gives vital data to administration to decide if items, regions or channels, ought to be diminished or extended through dispensed. Strategy control proposes a basic survey of general advertising viability in connection to wide and long haul destinations and company's reaction to showcasing condition. It manages surveying association's capacity to accomplish and characterise showcasing reaction and objectives, an example of the condition. Typically, key control checks organisation's long haul execution concerning the nearby contenders. Here, the whole promoting framework is checked on to judge the general quality of the company and its shortcomings. References Bhasin, H. (2016). Marketing mix of Loreal Loreal marketing mix.Marketing 91. Retrieved from https://www.marketing91.com/marketing-mix-loreal/ Grunert, J. (2017). Why Are Implementation, Evaluation Control of the Marketing Plan Necessary?.Chron. Retrieved from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/implementation-evaluation-control-marketing-plan-necessary-75170.html Jaideep, S. (2017). Top 4 Methods of Marketing Control.Marketing Control. Retrieved from https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/marketing/marketing-control-top-4-methods-of-marketing-control/48751/

Presidential Election 2000 Essays - Hubert Humphrey, Elections

Presidential Election 2000 As generations pass, and times change, the people of the United States change as well. What may have been a major issue in the 1980 election might not even concern voters in 2000. Economic issues are continually changing with the times. Each election develops its own "personality." Despite agreeing on some issues, the four major [now just two] candidates in the upcoming 2000 presidential election hold different opinions on three major economic issues: tax reform, health care, and free trade/immigration. One of the most important issues of the 2000 presidential election is tax reform. This topic, possibly more than any other issue in the election, reflects the greatest disparity among candidates of the same party. Among the Democrats, Bill Bradley and Al Gore have contrasting ideas concerning tax reform. Perhaps the most educated candidate on this issue, Bradley is a former member of the Senate Finance Committee and one of the major contributors to the 1986 overhaul of the tax code. Bradley's position, made known in numerous debates, is that he is strongly against large tax cuts. The former senator believes that while the economy is doing well, the government should utilize tax revenues to improve schools, protect social security, and pass a national healthcare program instead of concentrating on tax reduction. Bradley recently told New York Times writer James Dao that he would veto the recently approved 792 billion dollar tax cut in "a nanosecond". The only specific tax cuts Bradley has proposed are tax breaks for health insurance payments. Concerning the budget surplus, Bradley seeks to direct most of the money to reducing child poverty as well as making health care more affordable for low-income families.1 Vice President Gore has established a position on tax reform different from that of Senator Bradley. The two candidates do share similar beliefs regarding the 792 billion dollar tax cut that Gore refers to as a "risky tax scheme." Gore has stated that, if elected president, he would implement a 200 to 300 billion dollar tax cut over the next 10 years. Gore seeks to allocate this money to reach specific goals such as expanded tax incentives, and education and retirement savings programs. Gore refers to his cut as"relatively modest," and claims his figures are more realistic than those of Republican George W. Bush. Gore however, claims that he would not hesitate to implement larger cuts in a economic slowdown but rules out tax increases in good economic times.2 Republican candidate George W. Bush presents a position on tax reform clearly different than that of either of the two democratic candidates. Much like that of the "typical Republican," Bush is calling for large tax cuts if he is elected to office. As Bush has often stated, "It's the people's money, not the governments." He has called for a 1.3 trillion dollar tax cut over the next ten years, a figure close to 4 times that of Vice President Gore. The centerpiece of Bush's tax cut is a gradual reduction in marginal tax rates, meaning everyone will be affected by his proposals. On this issue, Bush states, "if you're going to have a tax cut, everyone ought to have a tax cut."3 Offering a tax reform perspective somewhat different than that of Gore, Bradley and Bush, Republican candidate John McCain wants to implement a "flat tax," a reform that would replace the current progressive marginal rates with a single ?flat' tax. McCain claims that, in this way, the government will not be promising tax cuts from surpluses the economy might not produce in the future. In sum, McCain believes taxes should be flatter, lower, and more simple. He believes that a vast majority of Americans pay too much of their income on taxes. McCain believes his tax "pitch" is modest enough in size that it leaves funds left over from surplus tax revenues to deal with other needs of the economy. He claims this "balanced approach" is the key to tax reform in the 21st century.4 Another pivotal issue in the upcoming election is health care. Bill Bradley's health care plan calls for the replacement of Medicaid with 150 dollar vouchers per month. However, Bradley still sees problems with insufficient funding for AIDS/HIV patients. In addition to this change, Bradley feels strongly about not punishing the disabled for working. Under the current system, once disabled people begin working, they lose their federal health benefits. Bradley wants to make sure that, under his new plan, disabled people can work and still receive their needed health care.5 Unlike his fellow Democratic candidate,

Masterdon Carpet Mills Essays

Masterdon Carpet Mills Essays Masterdon Carpet Mills Essay Masterdon Carpet Mills Essay Subject: Possibility of establishing private distribution centers or wholesale operation Overview Cardon Carpet Mills, Inc is a privately held manufacturer of a full line of medium to high price carpet primarily for the residential segment. Cardon has been around for over 30 years and have great long term relationships with its wholesalers. But, Cardon is lagging behind with the industries sales growth. The current wholesaler’s sales force only uses 40% of their sales call time towards Cardon products. If they eliminate the wholesaler by going with their own direct distribution center, Cardon Carpet Mills can reserve the wholesale markup and other expenditures for themselves. The opportunity of forward vertical integration by newly established distribution practices, in the long run, is a viable and attractive option proven in the following qualitative and quantitative analysis. Recommendation 1. Establish private direct distribution centers focusing on residential business to eliminate wholesalers and maximize profits. Rationale Through a 25% wholesale markup, there is currently $13. 5 million spent at the wholesale level. The margin of $13. 5 million paid out to wholesalers could be preserved by Cardon Carpet Mills, Inc. to support the change in the distribution channel using internal capital. This satisfies conditions set out by Robert Meadows, President of Cardon Carpet Mills, Inc. and company policy to finance programs from internal funds except for capital expansion (Appendix). If Cardon Carpet Mills, Inc. aintains the same retail production presently on hand through the wholesale channel currently used, $2,240,000 should be spent on the salaries of 32 sales representatives and an additional $320,000 should be spent on the salaries of 4 overseeing managers if each sales manager manages eight individual sales representatives (Appendix). The total spent on sales administration, which is 40% of the salaries of the total sales force and management costs per year, total $1,024,000. The cost to carr y inventory and accounts receivable total 10% each of sales. With the current preferred inventory turnover of 4 times per year, inventory carrying costs would total $1,350,000 and accounts receivable carrying cost would be $1,662,561 (Appendix). Transportation expenses equal 4% of sales and total $2,700,000. The total estimated cost of Cardon Carpet Mills, Inc. transition to direct distribution would be considerably less expensive, with $14,196,561 spent in the distribution to retail accounts, than maintaining the current wholesale distribution. Advantages of direct distribution include: 1. Allow the services provided to buyers through a sales force that is tailored to their needs. 2. Relocation of distribution centers closer to Dallas Fort-Worth and Atlanta metropolitan areas will allow for better service those areas. 3. Already involved in direct distribution, but currently only in contract sales. Those contract sales 28% of current company sales. Disadvantages of direct distribution include: 1. Threat of mass exodus of wholesalers after opening of first company warehouse. 2. Increase of fixed costs. 3. Implementation of marketing strategies, promotion, and advertising typically done by wholesaler’s sales force. Going direct will improve the satisfaction of retailers by allowing the company to avoid additional markups associated with wholesalers and discount the price to retailers. The company is also able to provide better service through an efficient sales force that is exclusive to Cardon Carpets. This new distribution system will also benefit the 1200 members of buying groups that demand lower prices. The initial difficulties of change maybe challenging due to the time constraints involved in implementing a direct distribution system. However, the long run benefits of direct distribution will surpass its current disadvantages. Next Steps Search for suitable locations for the distribution centers at the seven metropolitan areas Hire and train knowledgeable personnel for each center. First, the four managers would be hired and trained by our current regional sales coordinators. Thereafter, managers would be responsible for hiring and training their sales force. Try to end relationships with wholesalers on good terms. It is imperative to inform the retailers of the change in distribution system. This can be done through a letter that highlights their benefits from this change (price reduction, better service, etc). This will be most effective at the time of opening our distribution operations.

The Social Injustice Shell Gas is Putting on the Nigerian Delta Research Paper

The Social Injustice Shell Gas is Putting on the Nigerian Delta - Research Paper Example The typical day of the Nigerian Shell employee is filled with inhaling the dangerous gas fumes from the daily extraction of the natural gas emissions. Likewise, some of the gas pipes often break from the pressure coming from the earth’s exiting gases (Rosenau 9). Consequently, some leaks occur from cracks in the weakened gas pipes. Some of the people are happy with the current situation. Some place more importance on earning money from the Shell jobs over their health. The Shell Company jobs help reduce the poverty level in the Nigerian Delta. Priority should be placed on emphasizing how many people must die for our oil intake in (Paden 47). Mass genocide, through oil spill poisoning, that is being implemented by the government and the Shell Corporation on the Nigerian people should be stopped. Nigeria’s culture, ecosystem, and sustainability before shell. Before Shell Company’s intrusion, the Nigerian Delta was a densely populated enjoying daily breath of fresh unpolluted air. The people lived on fishing and other maritime jobs. The ecosystem before the intrusion of Shell Company was in a better balance. Human rights violation was absent before the entry of Shell Company into the lives of the Nigerian Delta people. The government was less corrupt prior to the entry of the Shell pipelines when compared to the government corruption after the entry of Shell Company . The skies were bluer then. The people can swim in the water. In addition, fishing was a thriving business endeavor. In terms of economics, the people can now work for Shell as one of its pipe maintenance engineers. The job entails ensuring that there are no leaks. Leak prevention is a vital job of the Shell employees. The lives of the people living in the community are at the hands of the employees of Shell Company (Nigeria 66).

To what extent was the CIA and the US Government involved in the 1973 Research Paper

To what extent was the CIA and the US Government involved in the 1973 Coup with Chile. Need sources from the American perspectiv - Research Paper Example A strategy was taken after the 4th September 1970 elections to prevent Allende from taking over office. The strategy involved the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) influencing a congressional run off vote as a constitutional requirement since Allende’s victory was not on absolute majority. According to Mirza (270), the intention of the operation was to make the Chileans aware of dangers of the Marxist regime which was to come with Allende’s reign. Allende was a member of the Socialist Party of Chile and he was the Popular Unity between the coalition of communists, socialists, radicals and the Christian democrats. A Marxist, Allende’s program was to nationalize most of the banks and private industries. He also programmed massive land expropriation as well as collectivization. His opposers included Radomiro Tomic of the Christian Democratic Party and Jorge Alessandri. Allende received 36% of the vote winning over Alessadri (34%) and Tomic (27%). Allende won the maj ority but had votes that were less than the popular vote which did not meet the requirements set out in the constitution. The controversy behind Allende’s victory was that he was against the United States’ national interest over Chile. In spite of pressure from the United States, supporters of Allende together with Christian democrats voted for Allende. ... The CIA took various actions, for instance, it made overtures to foreign governments against Salvador’s presidency. According to Hastedt (80), the CIA also circulated propaganda for local media placement which aimed at mobilizing support to raise public opposition against Allende. The CIA contacted a lay man who had connections with church leaders to influence them against Allende. Chilean military officers improved their connections with station officers. Eduardo Frei of the Christian Democratic Party was encouraged to use his influence and encourage officers to form a new government before Allende was elected by the congress as the president. Frei was reluctant to take this action. Between 5th and 20th October, 1970, the station mobilized more contacts with the key Chilean military officers convincing them to engage in a coup .An attachee of the US embassy’s army was put under CIA station as the operational controller. He also relayed vital information to the military . Four of the CIA officers in non-official cover were instructed to meet with the Chilean officers who participated in plotting the coup. This was the track 11 plan which involved a military coup although it failed. The truck one plan involved political action which was aimed at discouraging the congress from electing Allende as the president. Track two failed as a result of the assassination of the army commander, Schneider. He was a strong supporter of the constitution of Chile and a defender of a military coup against Allende. As noted by Schmitz (101), the CIA and the United States government had agreed that absence of Schneider would prove a better position to plan the coup. One of the coup plotters, Robert Viaux, who was a retired

Families and house holds Essay Example for Free

Families and house holds Essay Families and Households (In this essay I will examine and assess the view that, in todays society, the family is losing Its functions. ) Modern family sociology mainly developed In the middle of the 20th century, in a period of stability (for countries like the USA or even Switzerland) or of social reconstruction after the Second world war (as for most other European countries). This development took place under the aegis of the then dominating functionalist paradigm (Parsons Bales 1955, Goode 1963). Its basic model was that of the nuclear family, a couple of two adult partners living together with their hildren and forming an irreducible group securing fundamental tasks for social and hence societal Integrauon, especially through socialization, a group that functioned In a relatively autonomous way, with little intimate contacts beyond its borders, which made It particularly attuned to the flexibility required by the Industrial society. The internal structure of this family model was mainly organized around two ascribed criteria, sex and age. The role attribution according to the sex of the adult partners internal tasks for the wife, external tasks for the husband was said to correspond to expressive vs. Instrumental orientations typical of sexual Identities and was interpreted to be a highly functional way of performing all the necessary contributions to family and societal functioning. The welfare state and other social institutions played a pivotal role as a substitute family; many functions the family used to perform (see my video on Parsons Fit Thesis) have now been taken over by our welfare state (anyone else hear Charles Murray groan? ). Remember pre- industrialization? The family performed many educational caring roles! For example, single parents can perform the economic role through benefit payments nd primary socialization of children can be performed by pre-school / nursery. So on the one hand, from a functionalist and New Right point of view; the family Is losing its functions because of their primary concern / focus with the nuclear family. However the evaluation Is that the family Isnt necessarily losing its functions because in whatever format the family is found, with external support the key functions Durkheim and parsons Stress. are still performable. Certain functionalist such as Parsons and Dennis say that in our now modern society some functions erformed by the family have been shifted to specialized Institutions that look after certain vital roles. This would include such things as education, as this used to performed by the family who educated their children for the working world. They also claim that now the family has two basic functions left, these are the socialization of children and the stabilization of adult personalities. Changes in the family; Decline In marriage and growth In cohabitation, Remarriage and growth of reconstituted families More births outside marriage, Rising divorce rates, Ageing population. However some other sociologists such as Fletcher and Shorter claim that It Is the opposites and that the family actually sued to ignore such things as the education of their children and the recreational activities were not done. They say that now due to the introduction of the welfare system the family now cares about their Childs health and keeps a closer eye on It. The family still Is responsible for partly diagnosing 1 OF3 introduction of the social service department the family must further care for their child so they are not taken away. There are many different sociologists who look in he families place in todays society and assess the level of function to family has today. From Murdock to parsons, feminist and warm bath theory there is many different views and opinions on this statement. One of the more famous sociologists who looked at the family is G. P. Murdock; he compared over 250 societies and claimed that the nuclear family was universal, that some form of the nuclear family existed in every known society and that it performed four functions essential to the continued existence of those societies. The four functions are Reproduction (where society equires new members to ensure its survival), Sexual (this function serves both society and the individual. Unregulated sexual behavior has the potential to be socially disruptive. However marital sex creates a powerful emotional between a couple), Educational (culture needs to be transmitted to the next generation), Economic (where adult family members show their commitment to the care, protection and maintenance of their dependents by becoming productive workers and being an income). While Murdocks ideas are a great idea and would make a good society to live in they re also dated seeing as he wrote this in 1949, things have changed a lot since then and the family has moved on, one thing that would have changed for sure since he wrote this is the fact that women can now be the breadwinners in the family it is no longer Just the men that go out to work to help the economy. So according to Murdock then family would be losing its functions because it is not fitting directly into his four main functions. As industrialization grew kinship-based society broke-up which had a direct impact on family structures. Out went the classic extended family and in came the isolated nuclear family as a productive unit. The term isolated comes from functionalist Talcott Parsons who identified the families in modern industrial society as being isolated because its not connected to wider kinship relations. Obviously there are kinship relationships between members of a family but the difference for Parsons is these relationships are built on choice rather than obligation (members of pre-industrial had to cooperate in order for the family unit to survive a relationship built on obligation rather than choice. These pre-industrial family obligations consisted of health-care; education; policing; moral teaching; mployment etc. ) In contrast Parsons identified how in modern industrial times, the family was no longer obliged to carry out these family functions. Instead state institutions such as firms; schools; hospitals; GPs; police and churches took over these obligations. Parsons said this shift from family to state responsibility was a natural outcome of social evolution rather than demise. The isolated nuclear family had evolved from the classic extended family due to a reduction of the functions of the family particularly with the family ceasing to be an economic unit of production. Functionalists argue this change in function of the family comes from the needs of the economic system. Industrialization introduced specialized division of labor. These specialisms mean certain skills are called for in different geographical regions at different times. These social changes meant the isolated nuclear families being freed requirements of modern industrial society. This changing function of the family was evident in the expansion of the railways in the 19th century. The 1851 Census was the first to include detailed classifications of the population by age which provides a enchmark to track the impact of the railways on families, people and places throughout England and Wales. The shift to the postmodern family Unlike Giddens, Beck and Beck-Gernsheim, and David Morgan, the American sociologist Judith Stacey believes that contemporary societies such as the USA have developed the postmodern family (Stacey, 1996). She associates changes in the family with a movement away from a single dominant family type. And with greater variety in family relationships. Postmodern families in Silicon Valley Staceys claim that the postmodern family is characteristic of the USA is based upon er own research into family life in Silicon Valley conducted during the mid-1980s. Silicon Valley in California is the global headquarters of the electronics industry and the worlds vanguard post-industrial region (Stacey, 1996). Usually trends in family life in the USA take on an exaggerated form in Silicon Valley. For example, divorce rates in this area have risen faster than in other areas of the country. Trends there are generally indicative of future trends elsewhere. Most sociologists have tended to argue that higher-class and middle-class families lead the way in new family trends and that working-class families then follow later see, for example, Willmott and Youngs idea of the symmetrical family). Staceys research suggests that the reverse might be true with the rise of the postmodern family.

Cisco Systems Essay -- essays research papers

Case Study: The Internet and the New Information Technology Infrastructure 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Describe the competitive business environment in which GM is operating General Motors, while they are the largest automobile maker, are currently going through a decline in sales. Their competition is extremely stiff. With competitors such as Ford, Chrysler, and other Japanese vehicles that have lower production costs and include better styling issues and quality in mind, this makes for a difficult struggle for GM. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  GM remains a far-flung vertically integrated corporation †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Makes 70% of their own parts While GM makes their own parts, other companies, such as Daimer-Chrylser purchases their parts from other vendors with whom they can haggle over their prices. With such advances in the automobile industry, this brought about a race for companies surrounding GM to produce more vehicles quicker and allowed for faster sales. While some may say that GM still builds quality cars, they are by no means keeping up with the competition in production areas. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Describe the relationship between GM’s organization and its information technology infrastructure. What management, organization, and technology factors influenced this relationship? GM’s organization found that its system as a whole was falling behind in technology. Their design group could not relate with other sectors of the company, as each division of the company was on their own software and hardware database. No one particular system communicated with another. In the early 80’s GM tried to integrate their system by using EDS (Electronic Data Systems) and they were able to streamline their computers together. Their current CIO Ralph Szygenda has managed to bring the company to its feet once again by bringing in several new changes. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Replaced many systems with standardized software for all computers which in turn was networked to other systems †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Created programs that would correlate with one another and enabled data sharing †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Consolidated legacy systems and databases Management realized that without sharing the data and having a system that could run smoothly they would soon fall to their knees. When they began reali... ...e problem is quickly finding the car that the customer wants, which is a strategy better known as Locate-to-Order. To reach this goal, GM must create a regional inventory of the vehicle pool that will be shown on the Internet so that regardless of the vehicles’ location, potential buyers can find â€Å"their† vehicle. There is one flaw in the system that manufacturers and dealers must deal with in the business. They must realize that customers will require varying styles, colors and other options and they (the company) must be ready at the drop of a hat to have the product readied. The inventory must be stocked and ready to be sold. Internet technology could be the catalyst for GM to reconstruct its entire value chain, transforming itself into a customer-focused business that provides many different electronic services to consumers, as well as cars. â€Å"Built-to-order† has been around the auto industry for a long time, but only for very expensive cars, and it required a waiting period of two to three months before delivery. This system would greatly reduce finished vehicle inventory costs as well as generate other production cost savings, potentially saving GM $20 billion per year.

Memento Film Analysis Paper Essay

Memento (2001), a film that was written and directed by Christopher Nolan, has captivated the attention of movie and puzzle enthusiasts everywhere. Some may call it a Drama or Mystery, or even a Thriller or a Neo-Noir film, whatever the case is, this film fits most, if not all, of these categories. Memento is a film about a man, Leonard Shelby who lives his life with Anterograde Amnesia which leaves him incapable of making new memories. He spends the time in this film putting pieces of a puzzle together that will hopefully lead him to find the man who raped and killed his wife. Christopher Nolan takes us through a crazy journey that involves twists and turns, Fear and Anxiety and even a feeling of Paranoia that leaves us questioning who we should really trust in the film. This psychological mystery allows us to see the film as neo-noir because of the flawed protagonist which is reflected in the main character, Leonard. With the disability our main character and narrator has, it might give some viewers a feeling of uneasiness and may even not trust him entirely which gives the feeling of paranoia in not knowing who in the film is telling us the truth and who is lying to us. The story is told in a confusing way, if one were to not pay attention for a short period of time, it may be certain that you will be lost in the film. One has to truly pay up most attention in order to fully process everything that is going on, one viewing may not even be enough, a second viewing may help us catch things that were previously missed or even hidden in plain sight, but the film keeps us with the anxiety of wanting to know what happens next which allows this film to catch our attention even after one viewing. Memento is a film that can fall under many genres of film, I will however, be focusing on the genres of Drama, Mystery and Thriller. The film includes many different elements which allow the film to fall under these three main genres. A drama is often described as a film â€Å"that relies on the emotional and relational development of realistic characters. † Most of the emotional development could be seen through the characters of Leonard and Natalie, who seem to develop an intimate relationship. This is in a way hinted to us during a scene where we see Leonard waking up in bed next to Natalie. Drama is also seen when â€Å"dramatic themes play a huge role in the plot. See more: how to write an analysis paper on an article examples † Leonard is often questioning what the truth is and what isn’t, thanks to his rare case of amnesia he is often seen to be in conflict with himself and those around him. The purpose of a drama is to tell an honest story of human struggles; the struggles that Leonard goes through could be the same that one may go through when faced with the rare case of amnesia. The Mystery genre seems to be thrown at us with the many examples that we are given throughout the entire film. A mystery usually â€Å"centers on a person of authority, usually a detective that is trying to solve a mysterious crime. † The crime that is trying to be solved is the murder of Leonard’s wife, the murder is shrouded with mystery not only because of Leonard’s inability to remember, but also because of the very limited clues that we’re given. This genre could also tie into other genres such as Crime Fiction, Revenge, and Crime Thriller. The biggest element that the mystery genre has is the feeling of â€Å"whodunit†. This â€Å"whodunit† is usually described as the story that gives the identity of the murderer at the end. Memento also fits under the genre of Thriller which usually revolves around the anticipation and suspense in a film. They do this in their genres in order to keep the audience wanting more or for that edge of their seat excitement. Christopher Nolan does an excellent job with this genre; the way the film was presented helps this genre so much more. With the story being told to us backwards we want to know why things are happening, often times other films have us wondering what will happen next, but this film has us thinking, what happened before the event that we just saw. With the many genres presented, it’s no surprise that Memento would have an element of  confusion to it. The story itself may be confusing, but I rather want to talk about the characters within the film. Leonard Shelby suffers from a rare case of Anterograde Amnesia, according to the science section of the website HowStuffWorks. com anterograde amnesia means you have difficulty of making new memories and absorbing new information. Leonard Shelby being our main narrator throughout the film, we seem to trust and believe everything he tells us, this is due to the fact that we are so used to watching films that tell us that the narrator is a reliable subject. Leonard Shelby having this handicap makes us feel some sort of sympathy for him which makes believe he is reliable, but having a condition where you cannot remember how a conversation began once it has ended, leaves us wondering how can we believe this man if he can’t even remember how he got to the point in which he is now. We watch the film thinking of who is lying to us, who is telling us the truth, what’s going to happen, towards the end we seem to build a trust with our main narrator because we’ve seen the struggle he’s gone through and the situations  he’s had to face in order to find the murder who killed his wife. To our surprise, once we get reach the ending of the film, which in reality is the beginning, we see that Leonard has been lying to us the entire time. Character development in a film is crucial because it allows us to see who we can categorize to be the â€Å"good guy† or the â€Å"bad guy†, the non-linear narrative presented to us in Memento allowed Christopher Nolan to play with the way he presented his characters and make us believe the people who were truly lying to us.

Nursing Theorist - 1222 Words

Nursing Theorist: Betty Neuman Nursing Theorist: Betty Neuman Intro Nursing theories are the basic concepts that define nursing practice and provide the explanation to why nurses do what they do. Nurses are exposed to theories everyday in clinical practice. During any given day, a nurse will utilize multiple nursing theories. These theories guide how a nurse treats patients, how tasks are performed, assessments completed and interventions established. By studying nursing theory, it allows the nurse to sharpen critical thinking skills. One such theorist is Betty Neuman. Betty Neuman Educational background and career path Used widely in today’s nursing, Betty Neuman began developing her system many years ago. In 1947 she†¦show more content†¦One of the goals is to increase the prevention behaviors in persons at high risk for diabetes with pre-diabetes. Three of the goals the healthy people initiative will be measuring are: increasing the patient’s physical activity levels, decreasing the fat and calories in the patient’s diet, and trying to increase the proportion of patient’s trying to lose weight. (Healthy people 2020, â€Å"n.d.†, Diabetes D-16) As the nurse considers interventions and goals, there are many factors to consider. The patient’s education level, access to care, family support, spiritual support, and willingness to accept the diagnosis will greatly affect the outcome. Increasing the prevention behaviors for those at risk for diabetes affects society as a whole and individually when looking at the client system. Nurses can help the pati ent to identify stressors that may impact their ability to meet the goals. The primary prevention as intervention increases the highest point of health for the patient at this time. The patient can collaborate with nursing and dieticians to help reduce the fat and calories in their diet. This diet plan would also allow the patient to lose weight. The patient would also need to have a list of physical activities that they are willing to participate in. At first the patient may need to be monitored more frequently to monitor adherence to the plan and measure the plan’s effectiveness. There will be closeShow MoreRelatedNursing Theorists979 Words   |  4 Pageshead: Nursing Theorists Nusing theorists Abstract â€Å"Nursing theorists are the men and women in the nursing field who develop models of nursing. Often, they dont set out to develop a nursing theory, instead, they simply want to help improve nursing care for their patients, and the theory develops as a result. 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Hildegard Peplau - Interpersonal theory 3. Virginia Henderson - Need Theory 4. Fay Abdella - Twenty One Nursing Problems 5. Ida Jean Orlando - Nursing Process theory 6. Dorothy Johnson - System model 7. Martha Rogers -Unitary Human beings 8. Dorothea Orem - Self-care theory 9. Imogene King - Goal Attainment theory 10. Betty Neuman - System model 11. Sister Calista Roy - AdaptationRead MoreGrand Nursing Theorist1361 Words   |  6 PagesGrand Nursing Theorist Assignment # 2 Grand Nursing Theorist Assignment # 2 Descriptive Analysis For this assignment, I chose to study grand nursing theorist Dorothy Orem and the nursing concept she introduced, the self-care deficit theory (also known as the Orem model of nursing). I chose to study Dorothy Orem because she is well known in Indiana, the state in which I reside. Orem’s grand nursing theory â€Å"was developed between 1959 and 2001†¦[and] is particularly used in rehabilitation andRead MoreThe Nursing Theory And Theorist1199 Words   |  5 PagesD. 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There are 10 carative factors each one involving a lived experience from all involved in the relationship, including the nurse. †¢ Watson described a need for transpersonal caring relationship. This is definedRead MoreNursing Theorist Assignment1789 Words   |  8 PagesNursing Theorist Assignment Allison M Wood, RN NUR/403 March 12, 2012 Shoni Davis, RN DNSc Nursing Theorist Assignment Sister Callista Roy developed the Adaptation Model of Nursing in 1976 after becoming concerned of the importance of relating the characteristics of nursing to the community. This interest encouraged her to begin developing the model with the purpose of nursing being to support adaptation. 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